Hluav taws xob ntes, raws li cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tiv thaiv cov tsev, chaw, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm xob laim, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim uas xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv xob laim. Cov cheeb tsam sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua, thaj chaw, av thaj chaw, thiab ib puag ncig lub tsev layouts, txhua yam cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm xob laim ntes. Yog li ntawd, xob laim ntes cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tshawb fawb soj ntsuam ib puag ncig tsis zoo thiab tshwj xeeb txhim kho cov qauv ntauwd, xaiv cov khoom siv, thiab kev teeb tsa los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab kev ntseeg tau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, tus pej thuam xav tau kev txhim kho cua tsis kam; nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam roob uas muaj cua daj cua dub, qhov kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nthuav dav; thiab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj av resistivity, lub grounding system tsim yuav tsum tau optimized. Cov qauv tsim kom haum rau ib puag ncig no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm xob laim ntes.
Topography thiab kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob ntes. Hauv thaj chaw tiaj tiaj, xob laim tej zaum yuav yog "kev tawm tsam ncaj qha," xav kom cov neeg tua hluav taws los nyiam xob laim nrog lawv txoj kab ntsug qhov siab kom zoo dua thiab tawm tam sim no sai sai los ntawm lub qhov dej -tsim tus neeg xyuas pib layout. Hauv qhov no, ib qho - raj lossis mast- hom qauv siv tau los txo cov cua tiv thaiv thaum tuav qhov siab. Hauv thaj chaw roob lossis toj roob hauv pes, xob laim tshwm sim feem ntau tshwm sim rau sab lossis ib puag ncig cov khoom vim qhov kev nce toj siab. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, ntau- cov tuam tsev lossis cov qauv nrog cov caj npab txuas ntxiv yog qhov tsim nyog los nthuav cov kab rov tav tiv thaiv ntau yam. Piv txwv li, qee cov tuam txhab tsim "Y"-zoo li tus lossis "ntoo- ceg" zoo li tus yees, ua kom cov ceg ntoo nyob rau saum toj kom npog thaj tsam loj ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Cov xwm txheej huab cua yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. Hauv cov cheeb tsam los nag thiab av noo, hlau yees yog qhov ua rau corrosion, ua rau txo qis ntawm cov qauv tsim. Yog li ntawd, huab cua steel los yog kub -dip galvanizing txheej txheem yog yuav tsum tau, nrog rau ntxiv tiv thaiv-corrosion txheej thickness. Hauv cov cheeb tsam arid nrog cov xuab zeb ntau zaus, cov pob qij txha ntauwd yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom tsis txhob muaj cov xuab zeb nkag mus uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib hloov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv siab - cheeb tsam kub, qhov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab los tiv thaiv ntauwd deformation vim qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv; nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam txias heev, qis- cov ntaub ntawv kub toughness yuav tsum tau xaiv los tiv thaiv brittle puas. Ib lub chaw tsim khoom, thaum tsim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv yees rau Qinghai- Tibet Plateau, simulated cov khoom ntawm -40℃thiab thaum kawg xaiv cov hlau alloy tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej lub pej thuam ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj siab. Lub hauv paus system ntawm xob laim ntes yog ib qho tseem ceeb channel rau kev tso tawm hluav taws xob tam sim no, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha los ntawm cov av tiv thaiv, cov ntsiab lus dej, thiab cov qauv hauv av. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis tshua muaj av resistivity (xws li wetlands thiab paddy teb), lub grounding resistance yog yooj yim mus cuag, thiab ib tug pa nplhaib grounding grid yuav siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb lossis cov xuab zeb hauv av, qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv av yuav nyob deb dhau ntawm tus qauv tus nqi, yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb xws li kev sib sib zog nqus hauv av, ion grounding electrodes, lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob -txo cov neeg ua haujlwm kom txo qis qhov tsis kam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qhov project nyob rau hauv Gobi Desert nyob rau hauv Northwest Tuam Tshoj, ib tug chaw tsim tshuaj paus tau txo cov av tiv thaiv los ntawm 300Ω mus rau hauv qab 10Ω los ntawm drilling ib tug 20-meter-qhov tob qhov dej thiab sau nws nrog tsawg-resistivity, ho txhim kho cov paug efficiency.
Tsis tas li ntawd, av corrosivity kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntug dej hiav txwv uas muaj salinity siab, lub hauv av electrode yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tooj liab-clad steel los yog stainless hlau nrog ib tug ntxiv anti-corrosion txheej; nyob rau hauv cov av acidic, acid- cov ntaub ntawv tiv taus lossis cathodic tiv thaiv technology yuav tsum tau siv. Thaum tsim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv pej thuam rau cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, cov chaw tsim khoom tau tshawb pom los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov av uas tus nqi pH tsuas yog 4.2. Thaum kawg, 316L stainless hlau grounding electrodes raug xaiv, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev txi anode, txuas rau lub cev lub neej mus txog 20 xyoo. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tsim qauv qhia tau hais tias cov chaw tsim khoom sib sib zog nqus hloov mus rau ib puag ncig yam.
xob laim tiv thaiv ntauwd tsim yog qhov kev ua si meej ntawm "kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig." Los ntawm topography thiab kev nyab xeeb yam ntxwv rau cov av thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm xob laim, txhua qhov sib txawv yuav tsum tau muab xam, txheeb xyuas, thiab hloov pauv mus rau cov qauv tsim. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, sib txuas cov software simulation nrog kev sim teb kom tsis tu ncua ua kom zoo dua cov qauv ntauwd thiab xaiv cov khoom siv. Kev koom tes nrog cov chaw saib xyuas huab cua thiab cov chaw tshawb nrhiav geological kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hauv cheeb tsam raug ntau dua kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb nruj ntawm kev tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm IoT thev naus laus zis, cov ntse xov tooj cua tiv thaiv cov yees yuav tuaj yeem saib xyuas ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag los ntawm cov sensors thiab hloov kho cov tswv yim tiv thaiv, coj cov kev sib tw tshiab rau kev tiv thaiv xob laim.